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ETHICS
PHL 201 - Fall 2017
Online (CRN 21013)
Prof. Borrowdale


Please use Moodle messaging to contact me. I will do my best to reply within 24 hours, excluding Saturdays and holidays.
You may receive an email copy of Moodle messages in your email. Please don't reply to those directly; log into Moodle and reply there.
I check email sporadically, so replying directly to email copies of Moodle messages will result in a delayed response to your question.

Office Hours
Tu 11-12 in CEN 410J
Sun 7-8 via Moodle messaging
(You can message me any time, but I am guaranteed to be available and answer right away during my Sunday evening office hour.)


IMPORTANT STUFF: There's a quiz on the syllabus due by Thursday at 3PM. Please take it right away. If you take the Syllabus Quiz by the deadline, I'll add two points to your First Midterm Exam score! That's almost half a letter grade! If you don't take the Syllabus Quiz by Thursday at 3pm, you will be dropped from the class.  Nothing personal. The Feds that give you your financial aid, the State of Oregon and the College all require me to drop "non-participating students," and for an online class, that means providing a "meaningful educational activity" and dropping the ones who don't do it. Don't be that student who contacts me at the beginning of Week 2, sheepishly asking to be let back into the class because she "forgot."

If you decide this class is not for you, please drop yourself right away on MyLane, as there's no guarantee I will drop you and there are other students waiting to get in. If you don't drop by 11:59pm Sunday, somebody's going to have to pay for the class. That somebody might be you! Also, after Sunday the class will be recorded on your transcript, and even if you drop it will be listed with a"W" (withdrawn) next to it. If later in the term you decide to go "Pass/No Pass" or completely bail on the class, the deadline to do that is always Friday of the 8th week, which this term is November 17. If you forget to drop and forget about the class, you probably won't like the grade I'll have to give you.

MORE IMPORTANT STUFF: There's an internet post due Sunday 11:55pm. Late posts don't get credit. Don't forget. Topics will be up the first day. Every Sunday another post will be due. Set a weekly reminder in your online calendar. Maybe put that November 17 grading option change/drop deadline in there, too. You'll thank yourself later.

TEXT: Borrowdale, Ethics: An Anthology of Classical Readings, 6th Edition (available at the LCC Titan Bookstore)

REQUIREMENTS

FORUM POSTS
Due before Sunday 11:55pm each week
10% of grade
FIRST MIDTERM EXAM Begins: Wednesday, October 11 at 3:30pm
Ends: Thursday, October 19 at 7pm
30% of grade
SECOND MIDTERM EXAM
Begins: Wednesday, November 1 at 3:30pm
Ends: Thursday, November 9 at 7pm
30% of grade
FINAL EXAM Begins: Wednesday, November 29 at 3:30pm
Ends: Thursday, December 7 at 5pm
30% of grade

WHAT PHILOSOPHY IS: Philosophy is an attempt to come to a systematic understanding of the objective world through the use of reason. The philosophical approach is assumes a commitment to follow the truth wherever it leads, however uncomfortable it may make us and in spite of what we may wish to be true. It strives for logical consistency and agreement with empirical evidence. Philosophy is about asking questions, especially questions no one else wants to ask. Philosophy even questions the unquestionable, including things considered to be "common sense," such as the existence of an external world of matter, free will, the soul, God, an afterlife, or, in the case of this class, the existence of universal, objective moral values (or perhaps the unquestionable assumption of our age is the belief that morality is relative or subjective). Philosophy uses conceptual analysis as its tool. Because of this, using precise language and properly defining terms are very important to philosophers. This goes all the way back to Socrates. Try reading some post-modern philosophy and you'll see why this is a good practice.

WHAT PHILOSOPHY IS NOT:
Philosophy is not about exploring your "personal beliefs." Nor is it about your feelings (please avoid the phrase "I feel" when expressing your point of view in the classroom or online forums, as hopefully what you have to say is based on more than your subjective emotional state). Philosophy is not about your identity, your gender, your culture or your "race." It's not about "how you were raised." Please avoid referring to these things in class or online forums unless they have some direct bearing on the issue at hand. Although there is an historical tradition associated with philosophy, it is not primarily about history, and even though understanding their historical or cultural context may help us understand the ideas of particular philosophers, it is the ideas themselves with which philosophy is concerned.

CONTRIBUTIONS OF WOMEN AND NON-WESTERN CULTURES: There were few women philosophers of note until the beginnings of the feminist movement in the 19th century. This was true of most other academic or otherwise, due to the institutionalization of pre-modern gender roles. Because this is a survey class concerned with major figures and concepts in ethics, we won't be reading a lot of women philosophers. This should in no way be seen as casting aspersions on women as a class of people, but to arbitrarily select a female author based purely on her gender, regardless of objective merit, intellectual influence or contribution to the field, would be an act of sexism and educational malpractice. We will be spending a significant amount of time with Ayn Rand, who happens to be a woman and also one the most important and influential philosophers and intellectuals of the 20th century, especially in ethics and political philosophy. Along those same lines, for various complex historical and cultural reasons, philosophy emerged and flourished in the West and is the heritage of Western Civilization. It uniquely sowed the seeds for the scientific and industrial revolutions in Western Europe, leading to our modern technological world (as well as providing the political concepts on which the United States was founded). The wisdom traditions of other civilizations, particularly indigenous cultures, are covered in history and cultural anthropology courses. Although we may discuss some Eastern traditions, the character of Eastern philosophy is very different from Western philosophy and treated covered in more depth in our religion courses (UPDATE: Religion classes were eliminated by outgoing President Mary Spilde last Spring in a poorly conceived plan to boost the college's profit margin - see below).

COURSE DESCRIPTION: 
Ethics is the study of morality, including an analysis of the concepts of good and evil, right and wrong, justice and injustice, duty, responsibility, character, and successful living. Possible topics include whether morality is relative to culture or to the individual, the relationship between morality and religion, theories about what make particular actions right or wrong, moral skepticism, and eastern perspectives on right action.

COURSE OBJECTIVES
: The objectives are this course are for students to (1) come to a clearer understanding of ethical issues through the study of classical and contemporary theories (2) acquire some factual knowledge about the history of philosophy and important philosophical thinkers (3) come to their own conclusions about which theories are best or most likely to be true, even if those conclusions are of a tentative nature (4) acquire critical and analytical reasoning skills along the way (5) apply conclusions about the nature of knowledge to their present way of assessing evidence and worldviews.

FORUM POSTS: The purpose of the forum assignment is to allow you the opportunity to interpret, evaluate and apply what you have learned, and to discuss the merits and implications of class concepts and theories with your classmates. At the beginning of each week, a new forum will be open for posting. To receive credit, you must make one post (or reply) which substantially addresses a class topic.  Postings will be graded on a credit/no-credit basis and are due before Sunday 11:55pm at the end of each week. Late posts will not receive credit. An extra credit forum will be available in Week Ten to make up for one missed post. Students are also expected to read every post.

COMPUTER USE: This course requires you to use (but not necessarily own) a computer. Testing, distribution and archiving of notes and handouts and reporting and calculation of grades are all done via Moodle. Campus labs are staffed with people who can help you if you are new to computers or have difficulty using them. Visit the Student Help Desk (SHeD) website at https://www.lanecc.edu/atc/student-help-desk, call them at 463-3333 or visit them in Building 2, Room 121/122. Campus computer labs and hours may be found at https://www.lanecc.edu/cit/computer-lab. Please make sure your current email address is in your myLane account and Moodle profile.

EXAMS: You will have a window of several days during which you must take each exam in Instructional Testing Services in the  in CEN 311 on the Main Campus or at the Cottage Grove Center or with an approved proctor. Exams cannot be taken at home. You will need a photo I.D. and to know your L Number and myLane PIN to log into the test. The exam format will be multiple choice and true/false questions. During the exam you may use a 3 x 5 card note card (both sides) or a piece of paper measured with a ruler and cut to the same size. The final will not be comprehensive. Opening and closing times of exams are in the syllabus and may also be seen by clicking on the exam name in the main course view as soon as the date is set. Lab hours for the Instructional Testing Services are posted at https://www.lanecc.edu/learningcommons/its. You must arrive one hour before closing. See http://www.lanecc.edu/laneonline/test-proctoring for details on proctoring if you are taking the course from out of the greater Eugene area. If you need help locating a proctor, try The National College Testing Association at http://www.ncta-testing.org/cctc/. A per test fee is usually required, though fees will vary by institution. Note: LCC Testing labs will be closed Friday, November 10 (Veterans Day). They will also close early at 2pm on Wednesday, November 22 for the Thanksgiving holiday, not opening again until Monday, November 28.

EXTRA CREDIT EXAM: There is an  optional Extra Credit Exam, based on the material from the First and Second Midterm Exams. It opens Monday of Week 8 and closes Friday of Week 10. It will replace the lowest of your First or Second Midterm Exam scores. If it is lower than either, it will have no effect. In order for it to count, you have to take both midterms. It is not a substitute for taking either midterm or the final exam.

MAKE-UP EXAM POLICY: Since you will have at least a week to take the exam, you will be expected to meet the deadline. If you may contact the instructor before the deadline via Moodle messaging or in person to request an extension without penalty.

The Final Exam must be completed by THURSDAY 5PM of Final Exam Week.  Since the lab closes at 5pm and I will be determining grades Thursday night, MAKE UPS ARE USUALLY NOT POSSIBLE for purposes of Spring Term grades. If you have a legitimate excuse for missing the Final, contact me about a make-up and grade change in the Summer or Fall.
 
PENALTIES FOR CHEATING: Students caught cheating will be given an F in the course.

GRADING: At the end of the term, the class will be graded on the following absolute scale. Any extra credit work (with the exception of the Extra Credit Exam) does not count towards the A+.

A+ 97% -100% A  93% - 96% 
A-  90% - 92%
B+  87% - 89% B  83% - 86% B-  80% - 82%
C+  77% - 79% C  73% - 76% C-  70% - 72%
D+  67% - 69% D  63% - 66% D-  60% - 62%
  F 0% - 59%  

AVAILABILITY OF THE INSTRUCTOR: I am available by Moodle messaging or in-person office visits. We can also set up an appointment to talk on the phone or via a conferencing app like Skype. If you are having difficulties with the class, please contact me as soon as possible; I am here to help. If you performed poorly on your first exam, please come by office hours or make an appointment to see me to see what we can do to improve your next exam score and the Extra Credit Exam, which will replace your lowest midterm score. I am also available to discuss any issue in the class which has piqued your intellectual curiosity, or which you find interesting or important, outside of the realm of assignments and testing.

PHILOSOPHY AT LANE: All Religion classes (many of which dealt with Eastern Philosophy) and most Philosophy classes were eliminated by outgoing President Mary Spilde last Spring, even though Philosophy had the highest fill rate and lowest enrollment decline of any other Social Science discipline and both were generating a $250,000 profit for the college every year. President Spilde believed that by eliminating the sole full-time position in Philosophy and Religion replace it with cheaper part-time work in other Social Science areas, she could save the College money, despite the fact that this is a direct violation of the faculty contract. A grievance has been filed. This penny-pinching scheme also had the negative side-effect of laying off some great part-time faculty: Caroline Lundquist (who paradoxically received a teaching award before being laid off), Dale Lugenbehl and Jonathan Seidel. Meanwhile, the College had huge reserves and expanded other programs, like the First Year Experience, Oregon Promise and the drone program, and created two new manager positions. The college plans on offering no more than two courses per term; otherwise, it has to pay a full-time rate. It plans on only offering Ethics and Critical Thinking from now on. If you find this objectionable, write a letter to the Torch, show up at the Board meetings or tell ASLCC that you'd like them to take this issue up. The new President seems open to new ideas and values student input. You can also show your support by joining the Titan Philosophy Club.

CLUB, CREDIT AND WORK STUDY OPPORTUNITIES: Lane has a  I am the faculty advisor for Young Americans for Liberty, a locally controlled, independent student club dedicated to individual rights, limited government, personal responsibility and the principles of reason, freedom and compassion. We meet Tuesdays 12-1 (location for Fall Termto be determined). We're also discussing having a second meeting so everyone's schedule can be accommodated. For more information, check out YAL on OrgSync and click the Join button to be updated on club activities. You can also check out YAL at LCC on Facebook (not much activity there lately, but we hope to remedy that soon). If you're interested in doing an internship through Cooperative Education (Political Science) to earn 2 or 3 credits helping out with the club, send me a Moodle message. Also, if you have Federal Work Study, I could use a new Philosophy assistant to help with some research and clerical work.

COURSE OUTLINE

WEEK 1: Basic Ethical Theories (Ch. 1), Moral Relativism (Ch. 2)
Post to Weekly Forum before Sunday 11:55pm each week through Week 10.

WEEK 2: Moral Skepticism (Ch. 3)

WEEK 3: Divine Command Theory (Ch. 4)
First Midterm opens Wednesday 3:30pm

WEEK 4: Egoism & Social Contract Theory (Ch. 5)
Take First Midterm Exam in the Computer Testing Lab by Thursday 7pm

WEEK 5: Utilitarianism (Ch. 6)

WEEK 6: Utilitarianism (Ch. 6)
Second Midterm opens Wednesday 3:30

WEEK 7: Deontology (Ch. 7
Take Second Midterm Exam by Thursday 7pm

WEEK 8: Virtue Ethics (Ch. 8)
Drop/Grade Option Deadline Friday 5pm

WEEK 9: Virtue Ethics, Nietzsche (Ch. 8-9)

WEEK 10: Moral & Political Knowledge (Ch. 10)
Final Exam opens Wednesday 3:30pm

FINAL EXAM WEEK
Take Final Exam in the Computer Testing Lab by Thursday 5pm