Key Terms

 

• Static - when the body is at rest, or still
• Dynamic - when the body or body segments are moving (e.g. during a functional activity)
• Base of Support (BOS)- area of the body in contact with the supporting surface
• Postural control - ability to maintain stability in a particular context (i.e., environment). For example, sitting on a stool vs. sitting on a standard chair requires different postural control in the trunk

 

 

• Center of Gravity (COG) - a single point in the body which represents where the entire weight of the object is centered; the point at which all parts of the body balance each other. The COG will change based upon positional changes.
• Limit of Stability (LOS) - the greatest distance in any direction a person can lean away from a midline vertical position without falling, stepping, or reaching for support.

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• Neutral posture - COG is positioned over BOS
• Poor posture - strain to body parts resulting from inefficient balance over BOS
• Line of gravity (LOG) - vertical line positioned through the body's COG. Also referred to as the Vertical Gravity Line (VGL)
• Anatomical position - universal reference position or anatomical planes
• REVIEW and be prepared to CORRECTLY IDENTIFY the general anatomical reference points below
• anterior
• posterior
• dorsal
• ventral
• palmar/plantar
• medial
• lateral
• proximal
• distal
• sagittal
• frontal
• transverse
• cephalad/superior
• caudad/inferior

 

 

•  Ground reaction force (GRF) - Force exerted back on the body by the ground
• Lordosis - inward curve at spine (normal resting position of cervical and lumbar segments)
• Kyphosis - outward curve at spine (normal resting position of the thoracic segments)
• Scoliosis

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